S/4 Transition Path

Brownfield System Conversion

Convert your existing ECC system to S/4HANA in-place, preserving your configuration, customisations, and historical data while upgrading to the new platform.

12-24

months typical duration

Lower

business disruption

Full

history preserved

High

technical complexity

What is a System Conversion?

A brownfield system conversion—also called an in-place conversion or technical upgrade—transforms your existing ECC system into S/4HANA. Your database is converted to HANA, your repository is upgraded to S/4HANA, and your data migrates with you.

This approach preserves your configuration, your customisations, and your historical data. Business processes remain largely unchanged, which means lower change management effort but also carries forward any technical debt from your current system.

The conversion is technically complex—particularly the custom code remediation required to address simplification items and HANA compatibility. But for organisations that want to preserve their investment in processes and history, it's often the most pragmatic path.

Key Characteristics

  • Same system, upgraded
  • Full data preserved
  • Processes unchanged
  • Custom code remediation required

Last Updated

January 15, 2026

Sources

  • SAP System Conversion Guide
  • SAP Simplification List

Information based on publicly available SAP documentation and industry sources. For the latest details, consult SAP official materials or qualified partners.

Technical Prerequisites

Mandatory Requirements

  • SAP ECC Enhancement Pack 7 or 8

    Lower EhPs require upgrade first

  • Unicode System

    Non-Unicode systems must convert first

  • SAP HANA Database

    Migrate to HANA before or during conversion

  • SUM Tool Compatibility

    Software Update Manager must support your source release

Pre-Conversion Steps

  • 01

    Run SAP Readiness Check

    Identify simplification items and custom code impacts

  • 02

    Custom Code Analysis (ATC)

    Assess all Z* code for S/4HANA compatibility

  • 03

    Add-on Compatibility Check

    Verify all third-party add-ons have S/4HANA versions

  • 04

    Sandbox Conversion

    Test the conversion on a copy of production first

When Brownfield Fits

Good Fit Indicators

  • 1

    Process stability is valued

    Business wants minimal disruption to how they work

  • 2

    Historical data requirements

    Regulatory or operational need to keep full transaction history

  • 3

    Manageable custom code

    Custom code footprint is assessable and remediable in timeline

  • 4

    Technical prerequisites met

    EhP7+, Unicode, HANA-ready or already on HANA

  • 5

    Faster timeline preferred

    Need to be on S/4HANA sooner than greenfield allows

Warning Signs

  • !

    Transformation mandate

    Business wants to fundamentally change processes—brownfield preserves status quo

  • !

    Extreme custom code complexity

    Thousands of Z objects with deep dependencies may make remediation prohibitive

  • !

    Heavy add-on landscape

    Many third-party products that don't have S/4HANA versions yet

  • !

    Multi-system consolidation

    Need to merge multiple ECC systems—greenfield better suited

Required Workstreams

01

Custom Code Remediation

Analyse, fix, or retire Z* code to address simplification items and HANA syntax.

Effort: High
02

Add-on Migration

Upgrade or replace third-party products with S/4HANA-compatible versions.

Effort: Medium-High
03

Technical Preparation

Database migration to HANA, system sizing, infrastructure provisioning.

Effort: Medium
04

Conversion Execution

Run SUM for technical conversion, downtime planning, cutover execution.

Effort: Medium
05

Integration Adjustment

Update interfaces affected by data model changes and deprecated functionality.

Effort: Medium
06

Testing

Regression testing of business processes, custom code, integrations.

Effort: High
07

Fiori Enablement

Activate and configure Fiori apps for the new user experience (optional but recommended).

Effort: Medium
08

Data Archiving

Reduce database size to shorten conversion time and reduce costs.

Effort: Low-Medium
09

Change Management

Lighter than greenfield but still needed for UI changes and any process adjustments.

Effort: Low-Medium

Custom Code: The Critical Workstream

Custom code remediation often determines brownfield timeline and risk

What Makes Code Incompatible

  • Simplification Items

    SAP removed or changed functionality—your code may reference deprecated objects

  • HANA Syntax

    Native SQL or database-specific operations need updating

  • Data Model Changes

    New data models (e.g., Universal Journal) replace old table structures

  • Business Partner

    Customer/Vendor master tables replaced by Business Partner

Remediation Approach

  1. 1

    Inventory

    Identify all custom objects using SAP Readiness Check and ATC

  2. 2

    Classify

    Categorise by: still needed vs. retire, complexity, business criticality

  3. 3

    Remediate

    Fix code, adapt to new data models, or retire and replace

  4. 4

    Test

    Regression test every change—automate where possible

Tip: Start custom code analysis early—ideally 6-12 months before planned conversion. This is the workstream most likely to cause delays if underestimated.

Typical Timeline

Assessment & Planning

2-3 months
SAP Readiness CheckCustom code analysisAdd-on assessmentProgram planning

Preparation

3-6 months
Custom code remediationAdd-on upgradesData archivingSandbox conversion

Conversion (QA)

1-2 months
QA system conversionIntegration testingPerformance testing

Final Preparation

1-2 months
UATCutover planningGo-live rehearsalProduction preparation

Production Conversion

1-4 days
Production downtimeTechnical conversionValidationGo-live

Hypercare

1-2 months
Enhanced supportIssue resolutionPerformance tuning

Note: Custom code volume is the biggest variable. Organisations with minimal customisation can complete in 12 months; heavily customised systems may need 24+ months.

Is System Conversion Right for You?

Take the ERP Path Selector assessment to get a personalised recommendation based on your technical landscape and business requirements.

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